Clay Stabilizer Manufacturers, with SDS MSDS Sheet

Supplier, Manufacturer, Exporter of Clay Stabilizer Muby Chemicals of Mubychem Group, established in 1976, is the original manufacturers of Specialty Chemicals, Pharmaceutical Excipient, Fragrance Food & Flavor chemicals, Reagent Grade Chemicals, Shale Gas Fracturing Chemicals in India. Mubychem Group has several manufacturing facilities spread across Western India and world wide contacts and toll manufacturers. We are exporting globally to countries like USA, Canada, Europe, UAE, South Africa, Tanzania, Kenya, Egypt, Nigeria, Cameroon, Uganda, Turkey, Mexico, Brazil, Chile, Peru, Argentina, Dubai, Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Australia, China, Germany, France, Italy, Portugal, Bangladesh, etc.

The products are offered as per required specifications and in correct shape and size in mm or meshs or microns as specified by the buyer.

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Export to USA UAE Europe Africa Tanzania Kenya Egypt Turkey Jumbo Packing; Exports to USA UAE Europe Africa Tanzania Kenya Uganda Egypt Turkey Brazil Chile Argentina Dubai etc. Packing Palletized and Shrink Wrapped; 25kg or 50kg or 55 lbs HDPE laminated bags with an extra HMHDP liner Drum Packing for better transportation Drum Packing & Palletized Liquid Chemical Export Import Air Freighting

Specifications, Safety Data Sheet, Manufacturing process details, Wholesale retail buy sell prices, Uses etc available on line in these pages for Clay Stabilizer.

In the USA, UAE, Iran Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and other oil producing areas, several hundred chemical compounds are used in hydraulic fracturing also called fracking, fracing or frac. In some areas like UK only 'Non-Hazardous' chemicals are permitted for fracturing fluids by the Environment Agency. All chemicals have to be declared publicly and increasingly, food additive based chemicals are available to allow fracking to take place safely.

Mubychem is an internationally preferred source for Stimulation Chemicals and Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals. We serve various oil and shale gas producing countries like USA UAE, Kuwait, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, UK, Europe India etc. We are never too far from your well-site with multiple 24/7 company owned or rented warehouses in the India, USA and across the globe. With customers in several countries, we sell almost all the fracturing chemicals.

Two mechanisms are responsible for the swelling and migration of clays, surface hydration and osmotic swelling.

Surface Hydration show little visible signs of swelling, however the pressure greater than 60,000 psi is required to desorb surface hydration moisture.

Swelling and softening of clays due to Osmotic differences is a bigger problem. This occurs when concentration of Ions (like Na+, Ca++, Cl-, etc) in the clay at the wellbore walls is higher than that of the drilling fluid. Due to this difference in ion concentrations (aka osmotic pressure), water moves toward the clay surface causing swelling. The amount of swelling depends up on the concentration of salts in the clay relative to the salts in the fluid.

Hence the objective is to keep a sufficiently high ion concentration in the fluid to prevent swelling.

Clay Stabilizers work on the principle of Cation Ion Exchange, similar to water softeners resins. Water softeners can be regenerated using Salt, KCl, and many other cations. Similarly, Clay’s can be stabilized using a variety of cations.

Using sacks of KCl is a difficult approach, especially with the increased fluid volumes used in fracturing. Handling, mixing and disposal costs related to sacks of KCl are prohibitive. Herein, we will discuss a few potential Clay Stabilizers, compare their performance and economics.

1. TMAC 50% (Tetramethylammonium Chloride 50%): This cheap and easy to apply quat gives a lower performance than that of 2% KCl. However, TMAC is toxic. Hence its use is dwindling

2. Choline Chloride 75%: Also know as (2-hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium chloride is very similar in structure to TMAC. It costs slightly more than TMAC, and its performance better than that TMAC but lower than that of 2% KCl. Its used in feed additives and vitamin pills, is safe & biodegradable. This is becoming the product of choice in the industry due to its safety features.

3. Choline Chloride 50%: Used in preference to Choline Chloride 75% due to easier handling. On a per unit of Choline the 50% is marginally more expensive; but the added expense is more than recovered in the better handling and dosing performance.

4. Clay Ste Adv™ is a blend of Choline Chloride, Cations and Conditioners. It is cheaper than all of the above, and performs similar to neat Choline Chloride 75% due to presence of various additional ions. The Tetramethylammonium and (2-hydroxyethyl) trimethylammonium are relatively large ions. Also, both these are monovalent. Clay Ste Adv™ contains other smaller sized monovalent, divalent and trivalent ions which help in a faster ion exchange and the conditioners help in preparing the surface of the clay for a better interaction with the cations present.

* Test Method: Solutions of the Clay Stabilizers were prepared in 100 ml DI Water and 10 grams of API Bentonite was added to it. These were mixed in a Waring Blender @ 7 speed for 5 minutes. Using a CST instrument, the time required for each solution to travel a fixed distance along a Whatman No. 17 chromatography filter paper was determined.

Clay Stabilizer STE Adv is extensively used in frac jobs or oil well drilling, fracturing or fracking.

Clay Ste Adv™ is a liquid product designed specifically for use as a replacement for solid potassium chloride (KCl). Clay Ste Adv™ is biodegradable.

Compatibility with brine, calcium chloride, KCl solutions as well as all known fracturing fluids, cross-linkers and breakers.

MUBY CHEMICALS
Ambernath Mumbai, Ankleshwar Gujarat, India
TEL: (OFFICE) +912223770100, +912223726950
Current Date Time in India GMT+5:30

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Exporters to USA Canada UAE Europe South Africa Tanzania Kenya Uganda Egypt Nigeria Turkey Mexico Brazil Argentina Chile Dubai etc.

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Clay Stabilizer SDS, Safety Data Sheet
MSDS Sheet, Material Safety Data Sheet 10-Oct-20

Product Name & Other Names: Clay Stabilizer or Clay Sté 75
CAS No.: Mixture
Molecular Weight: It is a mixture
Chemical Formula: NA
Relevant uses and uses advised against (if any): Oil well fracturing and Industrial use.
Supplier: As per letterhead.

GHS, Globally Harmonized System Classification in accordance with 29 CFR 1910
Classification according to Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008

Acute toxicity, Oral Category 5, H303
Skin irritation Category 2, H315
Eye irritation Category 2A, H319
Specific target organ toxicity – single exposure, Respiratory system Category 3, H335

Hazard statements:
H303: May be harmful if swallowed.
H315: Causes skin irritation.
H319: Causes serious eye irritation.
H335: May cause respiratory irritation.

Precautionary statements:
P262: Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing.
P264: Wash skin thoroughly after handling.
P 270: Do not eat, drink or smoke when using this product.
P280: Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P330: Rinse mouth.
P301+312: IF SWALLOWED: Call a POISON CENTER or doctor/physician if you feel unwell.
P302+P352: IF ON SKIN: Wash with soap and water.
P304+P340: IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air and keep at rest in a position comfortable for breathing.
P305+351+338: IF IN EYES: Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes. Remove contact lenses if present and easy to do – continue rinsing.
P332+313: If skin irritation occurs: Get medical advice/attention.
P337+P313: If eye irritation persists: Get medical advice/ attention.
P360: Rinse immediately contaminated clothing and skin with plenty of water before removing clothes.
P362: Take off contaminated clothing and wash before reuse.
P501: Dispose of contents/container to authorized agents.

Classification according to EU Directives 67/548/EEC or 1999/45/EC:
Hazard Symbol:
Xi = Irritant.
Risk Phrases:
R36/37/38 Irritating to eyes, respiratory system, and skin.

None of the components of this product are hazardous.
Ingredient: : Blend of Choline Chloride and Monovalent, Divalent and Trivalent Salts.
Composition/specific chemical identities are withheld as a trade secret under the provisions of OSHA hazard communication standard 29 CFR 1910.1200

Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration. If breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Get medical attention.
Ingestion: Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Get medical attention.
Skin Contact: Wipe off excess material from skin then immediately flush skin with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Remove contaminated clothing and shoes. Get medical attention. Wash clothing before reuse. Thoroughly clean shoes before reuse.
Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes, lifting lower and upper eyelids occasionally. Get medical attention immediately.
Note to Physician: Symptomatic and supportive treatment is recommended.

Auto-Ignition Temperature: NA.
Flash Points: NA.
Flammable Limits: NA.
Products of Combustion: Not available.
Explosion: Not considered to be an explosion hazard.
Fire Extinguishing Media: CO2, foam, dry chemicals. NOT RECOMMENDED: Do not use direct water jet on burning material.
Special Information: In the event of a fire, wear full protective clothing and NIOSH-approved self-contained breathing apparatus with full face piece operated in the pressure demand or other positive pressure mode. Containers can build up pressure if exposed to heat (fire). As in any fire, wear a self-contained breathing apparatus pressure-demand (MSHA/NIOSH approved or equivalent) and full protective gear. Apply alcohol-type foam or all-purpose foam manufacturers recommended techniques for large fires. Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical for small fires. Use water spray to keep containers cool.

Personal precautions, protective equipment, and emergency procedures: Avoid breathing dust/fumes/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Use individual protective equipment (waterproof boots, suitable protective clothing, safety glasses, etc.). Restrict unprotected personnel from the area. Prevent any contact with hot surfaces. Do not approach facing the wind. Do not touch the spilled material.
Environmental precautions: Do not let the product enter drains, soil, or water sources.
Methods and materials used for containment Cleanup procedures and Storage:
Small Spill: Avoid breathing mist. Ensure adequate ventilation. Use appropriate tools to put the spilled material in a convenient waste disposal container. Dispose of according to local and regional authority requirements.
Large Spill: Do not inhale dust, vapors, mist, or gas. Avoid dust formation. Contain spilled material. Cover with an inert, non-combustible absorbent material, (e.g. sand, earth, diatomaceous earth, vermiculite). Use a shovel to put the material into a convenient waste disposal container. Finish cleaning by spreading water on the contaminated surface and allow to evacuate as per law.

Precautions for safe handling: Apply according to good manufacturing and industrial hygiene practices. Ensure proper ventilation. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment. Wash thoroughly after handling. Do not drink, eat, or smoke while handling. Avoid contact with skin, eyes, and clothing. Minimize dust generation. Avoid breathing dust/fumes/gas/mist/vapors/spray. Avoid contact with eyes, skin, and clothing. Keep container tightly closed. Avoid ingestion and inhalation. Use individual protective equipment (waterproof boots, suitable protective clothing, safety glasses, etc.). Prevent any contact with hot surfaces.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities: Store in cool, dry, and ventilated area away from heat sources and protected from sunlight in tightly closed original container. Keep air contact to a minimum. Store protected from heat, sparks and ignition sources and incompatible materials. Avoid contact with skin and eyes. Avoid inhalation of dust/mist/vapor. Do not store with incompatible materials like strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, alkalis. Keep away from ignition sources and naked flame.

Airborne Exposure Limits: None established.
Ventilation System: A system of local and/or general exhaust is recommended to keep employee exposures as low as possible. Local exhaust ventilation is generally preferred because it can control the emissions of the contaminant at its source, preventing dispersion of it into the general work area.
Personal Respirators (NIOSH Approved): For conditions of use where exposure to dust or mist is apparent and engineering controls are not feasible, a particulate respirator may be worn. For emergencies or instances where the exposure levels are not known, use a full-face positive-pressure, air-supplied respirator.
Skin Protection: Wear protective gloves and clean body-covering clothing.
Eye Protection: Use chemical safety goggles and/or full face shield where dusting or splashing of solutions is possible. Maintain eye wash fountain and quick-drench facilities in work area.
Other Control Measures: Maintain good housekeeping in work area. Dust deposits on floors and other surfaces may pick up moisture and cause the surfaces to become slippery and present safety hazards. Handle in accordance with good industrial hygiene and safety practice. Wash hands after handling.

Appearance: Clay Stabilizer is colorless to yellow.
Odor: Characteristic.
Odor threshold: Not available.
pH: 5.0 - 9 at 10% solution at 25C (77F)
Relative density: about 1.05 to 1.1
Boiling Point: > 212F
Melting Point: <50F.
Flash point: Not available.
Auto-ignition temperature: Not available.
Decomposition temperature: Not available.
Upper/lower flammability or explosive limits: Not available.
Vapor pressure: Not available.
Vapor density: Not available.
Evaporation rate: Not available.
Flammability (solid, gas): Not available.
Partition coefficient: n-octanol/water: Not available.
Solubility: It is soluble in water.
Viscosity: Not available.

Stability: It is stable under ordinary conditions of use and storage. Avoid contact with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents.
Hazardous Decomposition Products: It emits toxic fumes and carbon monoxide when heated to decomposition. It may form carbon dioxide and hydrogen chloride at elevated temperatures.
Hazardous Polymerization: Will not occur.
Incompatibilities: Avoid contact with strong acids, alkalis, or oxidizing agents.
Conditions to Avoid: Incompatibles.

Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Carcinogenic Effects: Not available.
Mutagenic Effects: Not available.
Teratogenic Effects: Not available.
Developmental Toxicity: Not available.

Environmental Fate: Based on available information the product will not bio accumulate.
Environmental Toxicity: The material is not considered as environmental hazard.
Persistence and Degradability: No information available.
Mobility: No information available.
Bioaccumulation/ Accumulation: No information available.
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment: No data available for assessment.

Whatever cannot be saved for recovery or recycling should be managed in an appropriate and approved waste disposal facility. Processing use or contamination of this product may change the waste management options. State and local disposal regulations may differ from federal disposal regulations. Dispose of container and unused contents in accordance with federal, state, and local requirements. Small amounts of this material may be suitable for sanitary sewer or trash disposal.

DOT USA: Not regulated as dangerous goods.
ADR/RID Europe: Not dangerous goods
IMDG: Not dangerous goods
IATA: Not dangerous goods.

USA:
OSHA Hazards: None
SARA 313 Components: This material does not contain any chemical components with known CAS numbers that exceed the threshold reporting levels.

European Labeling in Accordance with EC Directives:
H303 = May be harmful if swallowed.
H315 = Causes skin irritation.
H319 = Causes serious eye irritation.
H335 = May cause respiratory irritation.

DISCLAIMER: The information and recommendations set forth herein (hereinafter "Information") are presented in good faith and believed correct as of the date hereof. It is compiled from various sources and it is not necessarily all inclusive nor fully adequate in every circumstance. In addition, these suggestions should not be confused with nor followed in violation of applicable laws, regulations, rules or insurance requirements applicable. This MSDS sheet is intended only as a guide to the appropriate precautionary handling of the material by a properly trained person using this product. Individuals receiving the information must exercise their independent judgment in determining its appropriateness for a particular purpose.

Product	CST Filtration Time secs
Clay Ste ADV™ - 2 gpt	220
2%KCl	205
50% Choline Chloride - 2 gpt	307
50% Choline Chloride - 2.8 gpt	219
75% Choline Chloride - 2 gpt	220
TMAC - 2 gpt	297
DI Water	535

Shale Gas Hydraulic Fracturing Chemicals
Acetic Acid Solution	Ammonium Persulfate or Persulphate
Acid Viscosifier	Acid Emulsifier
ATMP Phosphonate, Amino tris (methylene phosphonic acid)	Ammonium Bifluoride
Barium Sulfate Remover	BHMT or BHMTPMPA Biocide Solution
Boron & Zirconium based Guar Cross Linker	BME Iron Reducer or Dissolver
Calcium Chloride Anhydrous & Solution	Cement Defoamer
Citric Acid Solution	Clay Stabilizer
Corrosion Inhibitors	DETA Phosphonate or DTPMP Phosphonate
Didecyl Dimethyl Ammonium Chloride Solution	Diverting Agent
Encapsulated Citric Acid	Encapsulated Gel Breaker
Fe46 Liquid Iron Control Blend	Friction Reducer
Flow Back Aid, Water Recovery Surfactant	Foam or Finofoam 810
Foam 418 Heavy Crude Foamer	Gel Sweep
Glycerin Solution	Glutaraldehyde Solution
HP HT Lube	Hydroxy ethylidene diphosphonic acid, HEDP phosphonate
Hydrogen Sulfide Scavenger	Potassium Chloride
KI (Stabilised) & Initiator	KCl Substitute or Potassium Chloride Substitute
Non Emulsifier	Paraffin Dispersant
Potassium Hydroxy Ethylidene,1-Diphosphonic Acid, HEDP-Kx	Phthalic Acid, EDTA, BPA based Diverting Agents
Scale Inhibitor Chemicals	Sodium Chlorite Solution
Sodium Glutaraldehyde Bisulfite Bisulphite	Extended Release Solids - Scale Paraffin Asphaltene Inhibitor
Tetrakis Hydroxymethyl Phosphonium Sulfate THPS	Xanthan Gum Slurry
Zinc Chloride